University Prospective in Engineering and Technology
The University Prospective in Engineering and Technology Journal (PU) is a scientific publication refereed by blind peers, produced by the Instituto de Investigación and sponsored by the Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú. PU Journal is open access specialized in the OECD area of ​​Engineering and Technology: Architectural engineering, Civil engineering, Mining and mineral processing, Systems and communications engineering, Electrical and electronic engineering, Mechanical engineering, Materials engineering, Chemical engineering and Nanomaterials. PU Journal publishes unpublished manuscripts in the spanish and english languages ​​under continuous mode in two issues per year (Semiannual). PU Journal does not charge any charge for publishing or downloading full-text articles and publishes the following types of documents: Editorial, original article, review article, letter to the editor and short communicationsEditorial, original article, review article, letter to the editor and short communications.
Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Esta Revista es de acceso abierto a su contenido a través del Internet, poniendo a disposición de la comunidad científica los resultados de la investigación, de manera gratuita, para el intercambio del conocimiento desarrollado. El contenidos de la Revista se distribuyen bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
SSI project management and administration model in execution of works of the regional government of Pasco
Objective: we sought to determine the relationship between the Project Management and Administration Model of the Investment Monitoring System (ISS) and compliance in the execution of works by the Regional Government of Pasco during the period 2022-2023. Method: the deductive scientific method was applied, with a quantitative approach. The research was of a basic nature, with a correlational, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design. Two evaluation rubrics were used: one for the management model and the other for compliance with the execution of the works. Both were validated by means of expert judgment and reliability by means of Cronbach's alpha statistic. Results: statistical analyses revealed a statistically significant relationship between the study variables (p = .027). these findings support the importance of the management model in improving project execution.
Copyright (c) 2024 University Prospective in Engineering and Technology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Lighting comfort in elementary school classrooms in the Chorrillos neighborhood of metropolitan Huancayo
The study analyzed the lighting comfort of classrooms in elementary schools in the neighborhood of Chorrillos, in Huancayo Metropolitano, during 2016. Objective: The aim was to determine the percentage of classrooms that met the lighting comfort conditions according to national and international standards. A non-experimental methodology with cross-sectional and descriptive design was used, evaluating the classrooms according to the National Building Regulations (2014) and the EM110 standard. Results: 75% of the classrooms reached general lighting comfort conditions. Specific values of 91%, 82% and 50% were obtained in different evaluated areas. The lighting levels recorded averaged 645 lux, with a minimum range of 250 lux and maximum values of up to 1788 lux, complying with the EM110 standard. However, the Peruvian standard is lower than that of other countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Australia and Belgium, where minimums vary between 300 and 500 lux and maximums between 500 and 750 lux. Although the classrooms analyzed present adequate lighting levels according to local regulations, the lack of definition of a maximum range in Peruvian regulations contrasts with international standards that consider the negative effects of excessive lighting, which could be reviewed to improve lighting comfort in classrooms.
Dosing of zero valent iron nanoparticles and contact time for the removal of coliforms in municipal wastewater
Municipal wastewater is a water supply used in domestic activities, therefore, it requires treatment, however, not every treatment provides effective results, currently the use of nanoparticles is a promising treatment for wastewater, therefore, in this research work we sought to determine the effectiveness of Fe zero valent nanoparticles in the elimination of total coliforms (TC) and thermotolerant coliforms (TC). The type of research was experimental with a preand post-treatment design and control group. The variation of nanoparticle dose and contact time was analyzed by experimental analysis in 150 mL of municipal wastewater with nZVI of 0.5g, 1.0g and 1.5g for 30 min, 60 min and 100 min. The initial concentrations found were CT and CF: >1.1 × 105, respectively, achieving a maximum removal percentage of 85.91 of CT and 89.09 of CF, both with 0.5 g dose and 100 min contact time, 91.45 in CT and 93.68 in CF, both with 1.0 g dose and 60 min contact time and 98.59 in CT and 98.95 in CF, both with 1.5 g dose and 100 min contact time. With the results we deduce that the highest total and thermotolerant coliforms elimination efficiency occurs at a dose of 1.5 g with a contact time of 100 min.
Fiorella Stefany Mendoza Ciriaco Fiorella Stefany Mendoza Ciriaco
Copyright (c) 2023 Prospectiva Universitaria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Evaluation of the porosity size of a polymeric membrane made from cellulose acetate with silicon oxide nanoparticles
Polymeric cellulose membranes are used in ultrafiltration processes for the retention of particles larger than 2.5 μm; however, the porosity of the fibers in the membranes is not homogeneous, allowing bacteria to pass through during the purification of water for human consumption. In the present investigation, SiO2 nano-particles were added to the fibers of cellulose nitrate membranes to evaluate the porosity decreasing capacity. Membranes of porosity between 0.29 and 17.74 μm whose distribution among the cellulose fibers were not homogeneous were used. The addition of SiO2 nano-particles to the cellulose nitrate membranes decreased the porosity to a pore size of 0.82 and 3.02 μm.
Ecological dry steam generator to counteract COVID-19 in the city of Huancayo
We sought to build and evaluate an ecological dry steam generator to counteract COVID-19 in the city of Huancayo. This system helps to reduce the risk of contagion of diseases caused by viruses and bacteria. It corresponded to a technological research of applicative level. The product was an Ecological Dry Steam generator, designed to reduce the load of microorganisms on the external surface of people through a system of dry steam production of medicinal plants such as eucalyptus, kion, garlic and others that are cultivated or grow wild in our area and are recommended by complementary medicine to strengthen our immune system and successfully treat the symptoms of respiratory infections such as coronavirus. The dry steam generated in the closed environment acts as a disinfectant without wetting, allowing the dry steam to act superficially on clothing, thus decreasing the probability of transmission or contagion of diseases such as COVID-19, from one person to another or from one person to a surface and avoiding cross-contamination. The results obtained are that the dry steam generator is within the temperature and pressure values required to generate the ecological dry steam that has sanitation power killing microorganisms and bacteria, thus counteracting the COVID-19 in our region.
Copyright (c) 2024 Prospectiva Universitaria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IoT-based monitoring system for irrigation water quality measurement
Being agriculture in the Mantaro Valley, one of the main economic activities, as indicated in the 2017 National Census, the agricultural sector shows the agricultural strength of the Junín region, with an agricultural area of 2 370 582.58 hectares and 120 thousand 312 agricultural producers, where the province of Huancayo concentrates the largest number of producers over 27 thousand which constitutes 22.4% of the total. One of the main sources of irrigation is the waters of the Mantaro River, both on the right and left banks, and a major problem is water pollution caused by metallurgical mining companies that emit heavy metal waste and domestic wastewater, with a high degree of turbidity, which contaminates the production of agricultural products in the Mantaro Valley. On the other hand, the increase in temperature caused by climate change increases the temperature of irrigation water, reducing the yield of agricultural production of different crops such as potatoes, carrots, artichokes, quinoa, corn, wheat, beans, peas, pastures and some vegetables. The objective of this research is to implement a real-time monitoring system based on IoT to measure the temperature of irrigation water, measure the hydrogen potential (pH) and measure the NTU of the turbidity of irrigation water, for which prototypes were built with the ability to measure these variables.
• Evaluation of operating parameters to optimize the performance of hydraulic screw turbines in high andean zones of Peru
Several communities in the Junín region, such as Huasicancha, Alto Cunas, Pariahuanca and many others in the Peruvian jungle, lack domestic electricity services, but they do have hydraulic resources that can be exploited to provide energy. In this sense, we sought to evaluate operating parameters through experimental design to optimize the performance of hydraulic turbines in high Andean areas of Peru. By means of the VDI 2221 design methodology, different treatments of the hydraulic screw turbine that integrates a continuous mechanical power generation process were evaluated. Following a 23 factorial design, data were collected for the experimental design in the upper cunas irrigation canal. The data were processed and analyzed using MiniTab statistical software. The results showed that the main factors influencing mechanical power were: (a) water drop, (b) screw length, (c) screw diameter and (d) interaction between water drop and screw length. On the other hand, no significant influence of the following factors was found: (a) interaction between water drop and screw diameter, (b) interaction between screw length and screw diameter, (c) interaction between water drop, screw length and screw diameter. The results obtained can be applied to the generation of electric power along the upper Cunas irrigation canal.
• Impact of electricity service interruptions on the academic performance of students at a public university in Huancayo
The minimum technical specifications that a mobile photovoltaic system should have in order to supply energy to supplies that require energy between 10–15 kWh per day were designed. For this purpose, the design of a photovoltaic system mounted on a trailer type car, which can be easily transported by a vehicle, has been proposed. The design consisted of a system of 8 monocrystalline panels of 455 Wp, with a 5000W inverter with battery charging option, a battery bank consisting of 4 batteries of 300 Ah and a short circuit and overvoltage protection system installed on a board with grounding through a temporary grounding system. In the study, system operation simulations were carried out in 3 cities of the Junin Region one located in the Central Jungle and 2 in the Mantaro Valley. The results showed that it is possible to supply energy continuously with the use of the system even in the months with higher cloud cover and rainfall.
• Design of a mobile solar photovoltaic power supply system for energy supply
The minimum technical specifications that a mobile photovoltaic system should have in order to supply energy to supplies that require energy between 10–15 kWh per day were designed. For this purpose, the design of a photovoltaic system mounted on a trailer type car, which can be easily transported by a vehicle, has been proposed. The design consisted of a system of 8 monocrystalline panels of 455 Wp, with a 5000W inverter with battery charging option, a battery bank consisting of 4 batteries of 300 Ah and a short circuit and overvoltage protection system installed on a board with grounding through a temporary grounding system. In the study, system operation simulations were carried out in 3 cities of the Junin Region, one located in the Central Jungle and 2 in the Mantaro Valley. The results showed that it is possible to supply energy continuously with the use of the system even in the months with higher cloud cover and rainfall
Effectiveness of Fenton and Fenton-like processes in the treatment of cheese effluents
Cheese effluents have often been defined as high concentration wastewaters with maximum Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values. Iron-based catalysts have been discussed because the main idea of the Fenton and Fenton-like processes originated using iron-containing materials. Iron is a metal that forms stable complexes with the degradation products. Under these considerations, the objective is to evaluate the homogeneous Fenton and Fenton-like process as an alternative for the treatment of cheese whey. According to the experimental design applying Taguchi's method and solving with Minitab 18 statistical software, the main factors of hydrogen peroxide/ferrous ion ratio and pH are significant for the Fenton process. For the Fenton-like process the significant main factors are temperature, hydrogen peroxide/ferrous ion ratio and time. The interactions are not significant at the 0.05 significance level. The main factors are outside the decision limits, according to the analysis of means by interaction effects for the Fenton and Fenton-like process and these conditions indicate that the difference between each of these means and the overall mean is statistically significant. The regression equation in uncoded units for the Fenton process was: Y 2+DQO = (88.83-0.045×Temperature-1.928H2O2)/(Fe2+-4.66×pH-0. 124×Time) and for the Fenton-like process was: Y 3+DQO = (-6.59+1.196×Temperature+0.975H2O2)/(Fe3+ +1.02×pH +0.215×Time) Keywords: Fenton process, Fenton-like, cheese whey treatment.
Scrum-based web application for tutorial efficiency at a public university
A web application was designed and implemented to achieve greater efficiency of academic tutoring in a university program. For this purpose, the study used randomized control groups evaluated at the end of each academic period regarding the time it takes to deliver the Tutoring Plan and Guide; the measurements were taken at the end of the periods 2020-I and 2020-II. The results revealed improvement in tutoring efficiency after implementing the web application in Scrum, improving delivery times, and prioritizing the tutor’s work up to 160%. The time to obtain the results of the self-diagnosis is faster, allowing a timely delivery of Mentoring Plans and Guides. The average time after implementation was 5 days compared to an average of 10 days without the implementation of the web application. In sum, the system facilitates and improves the obtaining of information for decision making. It is recommended that information technologies be used to improve the efficiency of tutorial work.
Obtaining liquid fuel from plastic wastes
The plastic waste coming from our way of living, originate a very serious environmental problem, due to the enormous quantities and the lack of solution to the problem of its final disposal. The present research consists of developing an industrial technology in the chemical technology laboratory of the chemical engineering faculty of the U.N.C.P. to obtain a liquid fuel from plastic waste in the city of Huancayo. For this purpose, plastic waste must be transformed into liquid fuels, taking into account the composition of the raw material and determining the physical and chemical parameters for this conversion. The experiments were carried out by modifying the temperature and reaction time in the reactor. When the pyrolysis temperature was raised beyond 400o C, the carbon chains decomposed into fractions where the typical hydrocarbons that make up fossil fuels are not identified
Analysis of the mechanical properties of tensors made of recycled polyethylene fibers
The analysis of new fibers and their performance has become a constant study of international purpose as an eco-efficient alternative, due to the great ecological value that allows achieving a sustainable development; the purpose of this study is to reuse recycled waste under the premise of protecting the environment, energy and reducing pollution with the reuse of PET plastic bottles. Its use allows the mechanical improvement regarding weight, strength and resistance through recycled polyethylene tensors applied to civil structures since polyethylene has been widely accepted due to its good chemical resistance, lack of odor, non-toxicity, low water vapor permeability, excellent electrical properties and light weight. These benefits allow the development of recycled polyethylene and its performance through tensors as a new alternative in mechanical behavior for its later application to multiple problems within Civil Engineering and how these tensors functionally and environmentally sustainable can be a new and better alternative solution in the performance of the engineer.
Simulation of oxygen transfer in water by aeration with diffusers, applying mechanistic relationships
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the behavior of the estimation error of a mathematical model in the prediction of the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) during the operation of water oxygenation at different submergence depths of a fine bubble diffuser. The model that was evaluated was generated by introducing the mechanistic relationships proposed by Lee in the equation of the double layer theory for oxygen transfer in water. The mechanistic relationships allow the calculation of the DO saturation concentration and the oxygen transfer coefficient in terms of the physical properties of the water, as well as the modification of the liquid temperature and air pressure. For the evaluation, data from deoxygenated water aeration tests in a vessel at constant volumes were used. The diffuser submergence depths tested were 35 cm, 70 cm and 105 cm. The estimation error was calculated by the difference between the results generated by the simulated model and those obtained experimentally. The simulation was carried out under the same experimental conditions and with the finite difference model. After evaluation, the maximum error was found to be 0.01 ppm at 35 cm. The relationship between submergence depth and model estimation error had no definite trend, and the effect is significant.
Remediation of the Pio Pata environmental liability by bioleaching
The presence of a metallurgical environmental liability in the urban area of Huancayo-Junín, in the Yauris neighborhood of the Pio Pata urbanization for several decades is undoubtedly a source of contamination and environmental risk to human health and the ecosystem. These tailings contain heavy metals and residues of reagents used in the flotation of minerals from the former Yauris Concentrator. The impacts generated by the tailings are diverse, but they include the generation of atmospheric dust in the summer, generation of acidic water and infiltration into the subsoil during the rainy season, which in turn mobilize the heavy metals and other contents of the tailings. At present, unfortunately, the lower level of the liability has been precariously covered by construction waste and others, and then it has been lotized for housing purposes with the obvious consequent risks. The present study sought to select a technological procedure to remedy this situation: three fundamental criteria were considered: site characteristics, technological characteristics and the location of the methodology. As a result, bioleaching with native microorganisms is the best remediation option. It is important that the technological details are endorsed with tests and trials to design an adequate methodology to ensure the effectiveness and performance necessary to perform a remediation that benefits human health, ecosystem health and the socioeconomics of the environment.
Analysis of photovoltaic panels in real operating environments to determine their efficiency
Reliable knowledge about the performance of different PV generators (such as individual cells, modules, arrays, etc.) under real operating conditions is essential for proper product selection and accurate prediction of their electricity production. The method of Durisch et al. (2007) has been used for the calculation of the annual performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules at selected locations using site-specific meteorological data. Knowing the performance of PV modules is essential to determine the required amount of electricity generation for these modules, which enables the selection of the module type taking into account the highest performance-cost nexus for a given PV installation site. The three independent variables of cell temperature, solar irradiance and relative air mass are taken into account in the developed efficiency model that is used to calculate the performance of the photovoltaic modules. The current/voltage (I/V) characteristics of the selected module are the basis for obtaining the open parameters of the model, which are measured outdoors in test installations in real operating situations. Using the model, the cell and module efficiencies can be determined in all relevant operating situations. Performance calculations are presented for five commercial modules (LA361K54S from Kyocera, BP 585 F from BP Solar, UPMUS-30 from Uni-Solar, CIS ST40 from Siemens and WS11003 from Wuerth) for a location (Al Qawairah) of good irradiance in Jordan where reliable meteorological data were measured and available. These represent polycrystalline, monocrystalline and amorphous silicon PV modules as well as copper indium diselenide, CuInSe2 PV modules. The results of the annual performance of these modules are presented.
Influence of main economic variables in a mathematical model for mineral price forecasting
The aim was to determine how the economic variables of supply and demand influence the mathematical model to forecast the price of minerals. A descriptive correlational research was developed, the population was formed by the historical data of price, supply and demand of minerals, with a non-probabilistic sample taken from the last 15 years at international level. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, a mathematical forecasting model has been presented. The coefficient of multiple determination of 0.6889 has been obtained, this indicates that the supply (X1) and demand (X2) influences the price of gold by 68.89%. In a simple linear regression analysis it has been obtained that the supply variable (X1) influences the price of minerals by 31.79% and the demand variable (X2) influences the price of minerals by 67.6592%.
Evaluation of the corrosion of galvanized steel in the city of Jauja, Junín Peru
It is important to know the useful life of galvanized steel sheets widely used by the population and the industry of the city of Jauja. Galvanized steel has allowed the human being to use it as a construction material for housing roofs, thus maintaining and adopting their quality of life. For this reason, it is necessary to know the corrosion resistance of such material in the current conditions of the place of residence, from this knowledge it will be possible to establish alternatives that counteract the negative effects of corrosion to this type of materials. In the present study of evaluation of the corrosion of galvanized steel in plates of 0. 21 mm standard, the kinetics of corrosion is evaluated by the gravimetric method with seven samples of galvanized steel plates of 5 inches by one inch, which were exposed to the environment of the city of Jauja, registering the loss of weight of each sample in intervals of time that lasted from eight to 60 days, With the results obtained, we proceeded to the modeling of the evaluation of the corrosion kinetics using the numerical method of the LAGRANGE interpolating polynomial and graphing it in a coordinate axis system to observe the useful life time of the galvanized protection which is 50 days and also observing that the galvanized protection comes to an end between day 50 to 60, from day 70 an accelerated corrosion of the steel begins.
Influence of the type of activation on the specific surface area of the activated carbon of arabica coffee residue from Chanchamayo
It is present that nowadays the development of activated carbon has great importance for its numerous applications in different industries due to its adsorption capacity, which depends on the method of obtaining it, taking into account that for the development of the specific surface it was found incidence in the control of the variables temperature and calcination time, as well as the type of biomass with high carbon content being in our case the residues as the one obtained after the preparation of the beverage which have been increasing considerably by the demand of the beverage. This research seeks to identify the methodology that provides better results for the increase of the specific surface (generation of pores adsorbent surface), taking into account a chemical activation of the substrate for which two chemical solutions were used, one alkaline as is the case of sodium hydroxide and the other acidic being phosphoric acid. The results confirm that it is possible to produce activated carbon with acceptable characteristics from coffee residue by means of chemical activation in a single heating stage, a process that allows savings in operation time and general costs, obtaining better results in the development of specific surface with acid activation and at a higher activation temperature.
Didactic strategies for architectural composition at the Faculty of Architecture of the UNCP
A didactic strategy was designed for the significant learning of architectural composition in the design workshop. For this purpose, a quasi-experiment was designed with a pre- and post-test that included students in their first semesters of general studies at the Faculty of Architecture of the Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú. In the first instance, the students' learning styles were diagnosed by means of Honey and Alonso's questionnaire. With this information, educational contents, methods and techniques for learning architectural composition were developed and, in sum, served for the design of the didactic strategy. The results revealed disapproving scores on concepts of form and mastery of plastic computers in the pretest, however, after applying the designed didactic strategy, these scores increased considerably to outstanding grades in most of the students with maximums of 17.5 and 20 points in both dimensions. These results showed that the designed didactic strategy significantly improves the learning of architectural composition concepts, so we recommend its application in other groups and generate research to corroborate our findings.
Social practices in public space: cases San Jerónimo, Hualhuas and San Agustín de Cajas
The aim was to describe the social and urban practices in public spaces in the districts of San Jerónimo de Tunán, San Agustín de Cajas and Hualhuas in the Mantaro Valley. Citizens who passed through the plazas and public spaces were surveyed by means of a three-point Likert-type questionnaire, the questions dealt with the daily uses and practices developed in such spaces. The results revealed that the use of spaces through regular practices translated into relationships and links between the subject and the urban space, which gradually changed. Public spaces are carriers of activities that foster and preserve cultural traditions. Five basic types of practices associated with urban space were identified, which were linked to the concept of: (a) transit, (b) activities, (c) social inclusion, (d) work and (c) environment. All these practices were condensed in the form and use that the subject gave to these public spaces, which usually present incongruence with the destination for which they were conceived in their architectural designs, either due to aesthetic issues or rules of use
Design and construction of LED headlamps for automobiles
A lighting system with LED technology was designed and implemented in a vehicle, with the capacity to be installed in other automobiles. It offers an optimal lighting system, with the purpose of reducing accidents during night driving or low light environments, caused by lack of illumination or visual fatigue, in addition to increasing active safety in the vehicle. The results revealed that the lighting system with LED headlamps reduces the power consumed compared to conventional headlamp systems, however, the luminance obtained is lower than that of a system with incandescent headlamps. These results suggest that the use of LED technology provides efficient lighting with low power consumption, capable of reducing the luminous intensity to avoid dazzling other drivers.
Situation of the Chocón wetland due to urban growth in Junín
Urban growth has been considered the main factor in the deterioration of ecosystems and biodiversity of high Andean wetlands. Based on this, the research sought to determine the influence of urban growth on the situation of the Chocón wetland located in the province of Jauja, department of Junín - Peru, mainly reflected in the quality of water and soil. A general deductive method has been used with basic methods of analysis and synthesis with a type of applied research using the information obtained to work directly in the field and with the surrounding population, describing the data and characteristics of the population and the wetland as they are establishing the degree of relationship or association existing between the variables and through hypothesis testing and the application of statistical techniques the correlation has been estimated. Urban growth in the adjacent area is directly and significantly influencing the quality of the Chocón wetland. The situation of the wetland due to urban growth is mainly affected by the progressive reduction of the marsh area, the disturbance of flora and fauna, mainly due to agricultural and grazing activities. The levels of oxygen, total nitrogen, N-ammonia, inorganic phosphorus and nitrates in the water surface are above the environmental quality standards indicating a progressive deterioration of the quality of the wetland due to urban growth. These results highlight the need to raise awareness among authorities and the population adjacent to the wetland about the importance of its conservation and restoration and to design a sustainable urban planning project that regulates urban growth and updates and respects the wetland's territorial reserve.
Smart solar panel to optimize photovoltaic energy production in rural areas Junín
The aim was to optimize the production of photovoltaic energy by means of panels with solar trackers; for this purpose, a control block experiment was designed using two solar panels, one with a solar tracker and the other with a fixed system. The results showed significant differences (t, p < .05) in the average power generated by the panel with solar tracker (0.675 W) with respect to the fixed solar panel (0.631 W). These results suggest that the designed prototype increases the photovoltaic energy production by approximately 7% with respect to fixed or conventional solar panels.
Experimental validation of theoretical models for the analysis of electromagnetic transients
The study of electromagnetic transients in electrical systems can be replicated using computational models and run in simulation software. Several circuits representing voltage and current behaviors in AC and DC circuits can be easily simulated; however, the experimental implementation, using physical components in the laboratory, has been very little developed. In this sense, an experiment was developed to theoretically model the behavior of voltages and currents in the analysis circuits using fundamental laws of electricity, then compared with experimental data. The results showed similarities between the theoretical models and the experimental data, both in amplitude and length of the current frequencies. However, the lack of equipment that allows the synchronization of opening and closing events of the switches that actuated the circuits, presented a complication for the analysis.
Scalable digital metrics for the historiographic study of a heritage educational building and its urban environment
The study sought to establish digital tools, scalable to a big data environment to apply it to an urban -architectural historiographic study on an educational heritage building and its urban context, the building belongs to the Monumental Zone of Huancayo (ZM), the same that allows to show an analytical cut of detail of its multiple non-relational variables of the object of study. php My Admin programs were used for the architectural typological processing, Harris Matrix Composer for its archaeological prospection of the ground level, Pantone for the stratigraphic coves of the masonry factories, image modeler for its architectural photogrammetry of multicriteria application. The data were obtained by aerial registration (drone). The historical information obtained from the paleographic reading of the site in question, developed from unpublished documentary collections that point in each case to a better clarification and understanding of the typological evolution of the heritage property within an urban area of linear configuration (commercial strip).
Influence of stress on the academic performance of postgraduate students of the Faculty of Mining Engineering UNCP, 2021
We sought to determine the influence of stress on the academic performance of postgraduate students of the Faculty of Mining Engineering of the National University of Central Peru (UNCP), for this purpose a descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional study was designed, in a population of 133 students of Master’s and Doctorate of the second academic year 2021. A sample of 70 students was selected, who answered a stress and academic performance evaluation survey, both of which were designed with good validity and reliability indices. The results revealed that in the mental processes dimension, 34% of the students were moderately stressed, while 64% were severely stressed. For the emotional and behavioural indicators, 17% had moderate stress and 83% severe stress. In terms of academic performance, 30% of the students were found to perform well, 60% performed fairly well and 10% performed poorly. In sum, the findings suggest that stress influences the academic performance of postgraduate students in the Faculty of Mining Engineering at UNCP.
Architectural transculturation and hybridisation in the historic centre of metropolitan Lima
Each culture has its own customs, uses and expressions, which, when superimposed on others, create a novel response that is gradually adapted as official culture. The study consists of identifying these manifestations in order to know the way in which they achieve the transformation or hybridization of the place. The historical center of Lima was selected as the study site, which is a conglomeration of buildings where very varied urban mutations can be appreciated. The study involved an analysis of actors and actions in which samples and examples have been selected that result in interposing personal and/or collective patterns with other equivalent ones, exposing a typological repertoire where each building, neighborhood or transect does not allow us to know what they are, but we do know what they are not. This is the central point between transculturation and architectural hybridization
Workability of concrete with the addition of sugar in the mix processing
Productivity in construction has concrete admixture as one of its important materials. Due to the complex problems of the project and climatological aspects, the use of sugar can be an alternative to commercial admixtures that represent certain difficulties in their acquisition for large batches. The study has used four doses of white sugar in order to evaluate the workability of the concrete without affecting its compressive strength. Consistency and setting time tests were performed to determine the workability of the concrete. The results revealed that, compared to a slump of 4 ½" of the standard sample, when sugar doses were added, the slump increased to 7" with 0.01%, to 7" with 0.07%, to 7 ¾" with 0.14% and to 9 ¼" with 0.20% sugar. With respect to the initial and final setting time, the standard sample reached 83 and 238 minutes, respectively, while when sugar was added, these values increased to 129 and 291 minutes with 0.01%, to 161 and 351 minutes with 0.07%, to 188 and 400 minutes with 0.14% and finally to 210 and 471 minutes with 0.20% sugar. On the other hand, the compressive strength of the concrete at 28 days also experienced increases whenever the sugar dosage was not higher than 0.14% of the weight of the concrete. It is concluded that sugar as an admixture in the preparation of concrete mixes improves its workability without affecting its strength.
Performance Analysis of UNCP 3.25 kWp PV System and traditional modeling methods in Huancayo – Perú
In 2018, Peru's Ministry of Energy and Mines (MEM), with support from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), installed 3.25 kW photovoltaic systems in its infrastructures in different parts of Peru, with one of the selected locations being those of the UNCP. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the performance of the photovoltaic system installed in the environments of the Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering of the UNCP in the city of Huancayo with respect to conventional calculation models. Taking into account that, this photovoltaic system operates in the middle of the central Andes of Peru at an altitude above 3,200 meters above sea level. The energy production data for one year has been analyzed and compared with the results of theoretical calculations, in order to introduce improvements to the calculation models for future photovoltaic systems that are designed and built in this region considering climatic, technical and economic conditions. The methodology used has a descriptive-correlational scope, with a collection of quantitative data from the system's energy production records, use of historical solar radiation data and a correlational statistical analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient using specialized software. The results showed that the adjustments proposed for traditional methods improve the calculation of energy production, making the calculated values adjust to the real ones.Palabras clave: informática educativa, materiales educativos, estudiante universitario, material didáctico
Copyright (c) 2021 Boris Ernesto D’Angles Woolcott https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/