Sociocultural Change in Beneficiaries of the National Cuna Más Program, Constitución District, Oxapampa, 2025

Abstract

In the Constitución district, factors such as childhood anemia, domestic violence, and 
socioeconomic disparities shape parenting styles. Against this backdrop, the study 
aimed to describe the sociocultural changes experienced by beneficiaries following the 
implementation of the *Cuna Más* National Program in the Constitución-Oxapampa 
district in 2025. This was a basic, descriptive study employing a mixed-methods 
approach and a sequential explanatory design; the scientific method, along with 
analytical and synthetic methods, was utilized. The sample consisted of 67 primary 
caregivers and 6 facilitators, with data collected via questionnaires and interview 
guides. Regarding the social dimension, results showed that 49.3% of caregivers 
consistently practiced co-parenting and 47.8% applied positive discipline, although 
22.4% exhibited limitations in emotional self-control. In terms of health, 29.9% did not 
adhere to iron supplementation protocols, and 23.9% did not consume boiled water. 
Within the cultural dimension, 95.5% maintained traditional feeding practices and 94% 
used ancestral medicine; however, consistent use of the Yanesha language with their 
children was not observed. Interviews confirmed improvements in parenting practices, 
fostering child autonomy, secure attachment, and networks of trust between families 
and facilitators. The study concluded that the program fostered sociocultural changes 
among beneficiaries by strengthening parenting practices, although limitations 
persisted regarding health and the use of the native language.